Storage in a computer

 Storage in a computer refers to the components or devices where data is saved and kept for future use. It allows a computer to retain information, such as files, programs, and the operating system, even when the power is off.

Types of Storage:

  1. Primary Storage (Volatile)

    • Example: RAM (Random Access Memory).
    • Purpose: Temporary storage for active processes and data.
    • Characteristics: Fast but clears when the computer is turned off.

  2. Secondary Storage (Non-Volatile)

    • Examples: Hard Drives (HDDs), Solid-State Drives (SSDs).
    • Purpose: Long-term storage for files, programs, and the operating system.
    • Characteristics: Slower than RAM but retains data even after shutdown.

  3. External Storage

    • Examples: USB drives, external hard drives, SD cards.
    • Purpose: Portable storage for transferring data between devices.
    • Characteristics: Convenient for backups and additional storage.

  4. Cloud Storage

    • Examples: Google Drive, Dropbox.
    • Purpose: Storage on remote servers accessed via the internet.
    • Characteristics: Accessible from anywhere but requires internet connectivity.

How Storage Works:

  • Data is saved in binary form (0s and 1s).
  • Storage devices use various technologies:
    • HDDs: Use magnetic platters and read/write heads.
    • SSDs: Use flash memory for faster access.
    • Cloud: Stores data on servers maintained by providers.

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